We use multidisciplinary approaches to understand how bacteria are detected by the host (through Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs)), but we are also studying how PRR recognition of allergen proteins or toxic proteins produced by patients link to chronic inflammatory diseases such as allergies and Alzheimer’s disease. The host has many Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and Nod-like receptors (NLRs), that detect bacteria, such as Salmonella entericia serovar Typhimurium, and their associated molecules (such as endotoxin). We are studying which PRRs detect S. Typhimurium to drive an adaptive immune responses focussing on the NLRs and their effector mechanisms. We work with Pietro Cicuta (Physics), Julia Gog (DAMPT) and David Klenerman (Chemistry) to study how cells and respiratory tissues respond to infectious and inflammatory insults using mathematical modelling, optical tweezers, super resolution imaging, single molecule imaging and real-time imaging. Importantly we are translating our work to generate new medicines and vaccines for man and animals. We achieve this by different mechanisms including through our own start up companies, collaborating with Biotech companies (such as Apollo Therapeutics and NodThera) and through partnership with big Pharma companies such as Janssen, Astra Zeneca, GSK and Genentech.