M.D. Degree - Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Peru, 1978。 Post-Graduate Training - Hospital del Rimac, Peru。 Residency - Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia。 Post-Graduate Training - Vanderbilt University Medical Center。 Internship - Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia。 My basic research focuses on the clinical and molecular pharmacology of adenosine, and its role in normal physiology and disease states. In particular, we are interested in the role of adenosine A2B receptors in pulmonary (inflammation, asthma) and cardiovascular (angiogenesis, cell base therapies) disorders. Our studies vary from whole animal studies, inclusing genetic ablation models, to cell cultures and intracellular pathways. Our ultimate goal is to develop therapies that target adenosine receptors. Our clinical research focuses on the interaction between neural (autonomic) and metabolic (adenosine, nitric oxide) mechanisms that regulate blood pressure. We run a complete autonomic laboratory that includes autonomic reflex testing, tilt table testing, microneurography (direct recording of sympathetic traffic), measurement of plasma catecholamines and metabolites, ganglionic blockade to induce transient autonomic failure, and estimation of norepinephrine spillover. Our studies involve patients ranging from rare autonomic disorders, to obesity hypertension. Our goal is to define the role of the autonomic nervous sytem in blood pressure disorders to develop targetted therapies. We are one of a handful of national referral centers for the evaluation of patients with disorders of the autonomic nervous system. These include patients with various forms of orthostatic hypotension (pure autonomic failure and multiple system atrophy-Shy Drager syndrome), orthostatic intolerance (POTS, mitral valve prolapse syndrome), syncope, and autonomic forms of hypertension (paroxysmal hypertension, baroreflex failure). We run a complete autonomic laboratory that includes autonomic reflex testing, tilt table testing, microneurography (direct recording of sympathetic traffic), measurement of plasma catecholamines and metabolites, and estimation of norepinephrine spillover. Publications ： Feoktistov, I, Biaggioni, I, Cronstein, BN. Adenosine receptors in wound healing, fibrosis and angiogenesis. Handb Exp Pharmacol, (193), 383-97, 2009. Garland, EM, Gamboa, A, Okamoto, L, Raj, SR, Black, BK, Davis, TL, Biaggioni, I, Robertson, D. Renal Impairment of Pure Autonomic Failure. Hypertension, , , 2009. Okamoto, LE, Gamboa, A, Shibao, C, Black, BK, Diedrich, A, Raj, SR, Robertson, D, Biaggioni, I. Nocturnal blood pressure dipping in the hypertension of autonomic failure. Hypertension, 53(2), 363-9, 2009. PMCID:2665259。 Raj, SR, Black, BK, Biaggioni, I, Paranjape, SY, Ramirez, M, Dupont, WD, Robertson, D. Propranolol decreases tachycardia and improves symptoms in the postural tachycardia syndrome: less is more. Circulation, 120(9), 725-34, 2009. Ryzhov, S, Zaynagetdinov, R, Goldstein, AE, Matafonov, A, Biaggioni, I, Feoktistov, I. Differential role of the carboxy-terminus of the A(2B) adenosine receptor in stimulation of adenylate cyclase, phospholipase Cbeta, and interleukin-8. Purinergic Signal, , , 2009. PMCID:2717310。