P-Type Silicon Strip Sensors for the New CMS Tracker at HL-LHC

W. Adam,T. Bergauer,E. Brondolin,M. Dragicevic,M. Friedl,R. Fruehwirth,M. Hoch,J. Hrubec,A. Koenig,H. Steininger,W. Waltenberger,S. Alderweireldt,W. Beaumont,X. Janssen,J. Lauwers,P. Van Mechelen,N. Van Remortel,A. Van Spilbeeck,D. Beghin,H. Brun,B. Clerbaux, H. Delannoy,G. De Lentdecker,G. Fasanella,L. Favart,R. Goldouzian,A. Grebenyuk,G. Karapostoli,Th. Lenzi,A. Leonard,J. Luetic,N. Postiau,T. Seva,P. Vanlaer,D. Vannerom,Q. Wang,F. Zhang,S. Abu Zeid,F. Blekman,I. De Bruyn,J. De Clercq,J. D'Hondt,K. Deroover,S. Lowette,S. Moortgat, L. Moreels,Q. Python,K. Skovpen,P. Van Mulders,I. Van Parijs,H. Bakhshiansohi,O. Bondu,S. Brochet,G. Bruno,A. Caudron,C. Delaere,M. Delcourt,S. De Visscher,B. Francois,A. Giammanco,A. Jafari,M. Komm,G. Krintiras,V. Lemaitre, A. Magitteri,A. Mertens,D. Michotte,M. Musich,K. Piotrzkowski,L. Quertenmont,N. Szilasi,M. Vidal Marono,S. Wertz, N. Belly,T. Caebergs,E. Daubie,G. H. Hammad,J. Harkonen,T. Lampen,P. Luukka,T. Peltola,E. Tuominen,E. Tuovinen,P. Eerola,T. Tuuva,G. Baulieu,G. Boudoul,L. Caponetto,C. Combaret,D. Contardo,T. Dupasquier,G. Gallbit,N. Lumb, L. Mirabito,S. Perries,M. Vander Donckt,S. Viret,J. -L. Agram,J. Andrea,D. Bloch,C. Bonnin,J. -M. Brom,E. Chabert,N. Chanon,L. Charles,E. Conte,J. -Ch. Fontaine,L. Gross,J. Hosselet,M. Jansova,D. Tromson,C. Autermann,L. Feld,W. Karpinski,K. M. Kiesel,K. Klein,M. Lipinski,A. Ostapchuk,G. Pierschel,M. Preuten,M. Rauch,S. Schael,C. Schomakers,J. Schulz,G. Schwering,M. Wlochal, V. Zhukov,C. Pistone,G. Fluegge,A. Kuensken,O. Pooth,A. Stahl,M. Aldaya, C. Asawatangtrakuldee,K. Beernaert,D. Bertsche,C. Contreras-Campana, G. Eckerlin, D. Eckstein,T. Eichhorn,E. Gallo,J. Garay Garcia,K. Hansen,M. Haranko,A. Harb,J. Hauk,J. Keaveney,A. Kalogeropoulos, C. Kleinwort, W. Lohmann, R. Mankel,H. Maser,G. Mittag,C. Muhl,A. Mussgiller, D. Pitzl,O. Reichelt,M. Savitskyi,P. Schuetze,R. Walsh,A. Zuber,H. Biskop,P. Buhmann, M. Centis-Vignali,E. Garutti,J. Haller,M. Hoffmann,T. Lapsien,M. Matysek,A. Perieanu,Ch. Scharf,P. Schleper,A. Schmidt,J. Schwandt,J. Sonneveld, G. Steinbrueck,B. Vormwald,J. Wellhausen,M. Abbas,C. Amstutz,T. Barvich,Ch. Barth,F. Boegelspacher,W. De Boer,E. Butz,M. Caselle,F. Colombo,A. Dierlamm,B. Freund,F. Hartmann,S. Heindl,U. Husemann,A. Kornmayer,S. Kudella,Th. Muller,H. J. Simonis,P. Steck,M. Weber,Th. Weiler,G. Anagnostou,P. Asenov,P. Assiouras,G. Daskalakis,A. Kyriakis,D. Loukas,L. Paspalaki,F. Sikler,V. Veszpremi,A. Bhardwaj,R. Dalal,G. Jain,K. Ranjan,H. Bakhshiansohl,H. Behnamian,M. Khakzad,M. Naseri,P. Cariola,D. Creanza,M. De Palma,G. De Robertis,L. Fiore,M. Franco,F. Loddo,L. Silvestris,G. Maggi,S. Martiradonna,S. My,G. Selvaggi,S. Albergo,G. Cappello,M. Chiorboli,S. Costa,A. Di Mattia,F. Giordano,R. Potenza,M. A. Saizu,A. Tricomi,C. Tuve,G. Barbagli,M. Brianzi,R. Ciaranfi,V. Ciulli,C. Civinini, R. D'Alessandro,E. Focardi, G. Latino,P. Lenzi,M. Meschini,S. Paoletti,L. Russo,E. Scarlini,G. Sguazzoni,D. Strom,L. Viliani,F. Ferro,M. Lo Vetere,E. Robutti,M. E. Dinardo,S. Fiorendi,S. Gennai,S. Malvezzi,R. A. Manzoni,D. Menasce,L. Moroni,D. Pedrini,P. Azzi,N. Bacchetta,D. Bisello,M. Dall'Osso,N. Pozzobon,M. Tosi,F. De Canio,L. Gaioni,M. Manghisoni,B. Nodari,E. Riceputi,V. Re,G. Traversi,D. Comotti,L. Ratti,L. Alunni Solestizi,M. Biasini,G. M. Bilei,C. Cecchi,B. Checcucci,D. Ciangottini, L. Fano,C. Gentsos,M. Ionica,R. Leonardi, E. Manoni,G. Mantovani,S. Marconi, V. Marialli,M. Menichelli,A. Modak,A. Morozzi,F. Moscatelli,D. Passeri,P. Placidi,V. Postolache,A. Rossi,A. Saha,A. Santocchia,L. Storchi,D. Spiga,K. Androsov,P. Azzurri,S. Arezzini,G. Bagliesi,A. Basti,T. Boccali,L. Borrello,F. Bosi,R. Castaldi,A. Ciampa,M. A. Ciocci,R. Dell'Orso,S. Donato,G. Fedi,A. Giassi,M. T. Grippo,F. Ligabue,T. Lomtadze,G. Magazzu,L. Martini,E. Mazzoni,A. Messineo,A. Moggi,F. Morsani,F. Palla,F. Palmonari,F. Raffaelli,A. Rizzi,A. Savoy-Navarro,P. Spagnolo,R. Tenchini,G. Tonelli,A. Venturi,P. G. Verdini,R. Bellan,M. Costa,R. Covarelli,M. Da Rocha Rolo,N. Demaria,A. Rivetti,G. Dellacasa,G. Mazza,E. Migliore,E. Monteil,L. Pacher,F. Ravera,A. Solano,M. Fernandez,G. Gomez,R. Jaramillo Echeverria,D. Moya,F. J. Gonzalez Sanchez,I. Vila,A. L. Virto,D. Abbaneo,I. Ahmed,E. Albert,G. Auzinger,G. Berruti,G. Bianchi,G. Blanchot,J. Bonnaud,A. Caratelli,D. Ceresa,J. Christiansen,K. Cichy,J. Daguin,A. D'Auria,S. Detraz,D. Deyrail,O. Dondelewski,F. Faccio,N. Frank,T. Gadek,K. Gill,A. Honma,G. Hugo,L. M. Jara Casas,J. Kaplon,L. Kottelat,M. Kovacs,M. Krammer,P. Lenoir,M. Mannelli,A. Marchioro,S. Mersi,S. Martina,S. Michelis,M. Moll,A. Onnela,S. Orfanelli,S. Pavis,A. Peisert,J. -F. Pernot,P. Petagna,G. Petrucciani,H. Postema,P. Rose,P. Tropea,J. Troska,A. Tsirou,F. Vasey,P. Vichoudis,B. Verlaat,L. Zwalinski,F. Bachmair,R. Becker,D. di Calafiori,B. Casal,P. Berger, L. Djambazov,M. Donega,C. Grab,D. Hits,J. Hoss,G. Kasieczka, W. Lustermann,B. Mangano,M. Marionneau,P. Martinez Ruiz del Arbol,M. Masciovecchio,M. Meinhard,L. Perozzi,U. Roeser,A. Starodumov,V. Tavolaro,R. Wallny,D. Zhu,C. Amsler,K. Bosiger,L. Caminada,F. Canelli,V. Chiochia,A. de Cosa,C. Galloni,T. Hreus,B. Kilminster, C. Lange,R. Maier,J. Ngadiuba,D. Pinna,P. Robmann,S. Taroni,Y. Yang, W. Berth, K. Deiters,W. Erdmann,R. Horisberger,H. -C. Kaestli,D. Kotlinski,U. Langenegger,B. Meier,T. Rohe,S. Streuli,P. -H. Chen,C. Dietz,U. Grundler, W. -S. Hou,R. -S. Lu,M. Moya,D. Cussans,H. Flacher,J. Goldstein,M. Grimes,J. Jacob,S. Seif El Nasr-Storey,J. Cole,C. Hoad,P. Hobson,A. Morton,I. D. Reid,R. Bainbridge,P. Dauncey,G. Hall,T. James,A. -M. Magnan,M. Pesaresi,D. M. Raymond,K. Uchida,J. A. Coughlan,K. Harder,J. Ilic,I. R. Tomalin,A. Garabedian,U. Heintz,M. Narain,J. Nelson,S. Sagir,T. Speer,J. Swanson,D. Tersegno,J. Watson-Daniels,M. Chertok,J. Conway,R. Conway,C. Flores,R. Lander,D. Pellett,F. Ricci-Tam,M. Squires,J. Thomson,R. Yohay,K. Burt, J. Ellison,G. Hanson,M. Olmedo,W. Si,B. R. Yates,R. Gerosa,V. Sharma,A. Vartak,A. Yagil,G. Zevi Della Porta,V. Dutta,L. Gouskos,J. Incandela,S. Kyre,S. Mullin,A. Patterson,H. Qu,D. White,A. Dominguez,R. Bartek,J. P. Cumalat,W. T. Ford,F. Jensen,A. Johnson,M. Krohn,S. Leontsinis,T. Mulholland,K. Stenson, S. R. Wagner,A. Apresyan, G. Bo,K. Burkett,J. N. Butler,A. Canepa,H. W. K. Cheung,J. Chramowicz,D. Christian,W. E. Cooper,G. Deptuch,G. Derylo,C. Gingu,S. Grunendahl,S. Hasegawa,J. Hoff,J. Howell,M. Hrycyk, S. Jindariani,M. Johnson,F. Kahlid,C. M. Lei, R. Lipton,R. Lopes De Sa,T. Liu,S. Los,M. Matulik,P. Merkel,S. Nahn,A. Prosser,R. Rivera,B. Schneider,G. Sellberg,A. Shenai,L. Spiegel,N. Tran,L. Uplegger,E. Voirin,D. R. Berry,X. Chen,L. Ennesser,A. Evdokimov,O. Evdokimov,C. E. Gerber,D. J. Hofman,S. Makauda,C. Mills,I. D. Sandoval Gonzalez,J. Alimena, L. J. Antonelli,B. Francis,A. Hart,C. S. Hill,N. Parashar,J. Stupak,D. Bortoletto,M. Bubna,N. Hinton,M. Jones,D. H. Miller,X. Shi,P. Tan,P. Baringer,A. Bean,S. Khalil,A. Kropivnitskaya,D. Majumder,G. Wilson,A. Ivanov,R. Mendis,T. Mitchell,N. Skhirtladze, R. Taylor,I. Anderson,D. Fehling,A. Gritsan,P. Maksimovic,C. Martin,K. Nash,M. Osherson,M. Swartz,M. Xiao,J. G. Acosta,L. M. Cremaldi,S. Oliveros,L. Perera,D. Summers,K. Bloom,D. R. Claes,C. Fangmeier,R. Gonzalez Suarez,J. Monroy,J. Siado,K. Hahn,S. Sevova,K. Sung,M. Trovato,E. Bartz,Y. Gershtein,E. Halkiadakis,S. Kyriacou,A. Lath,S. Schnetzer, R. Stone,M. Walker,S. Malik,S. Norberg,J. E. Ramirez Vargas,M. Alyari,J. Dolen,A. Godshalk,C. Harrington,I. Iashvili,A. Kharchilava,D. Nguyen,A. Parker,S. Rappoccio,B. Roozbahani,J. Alexander,J. Chaves,J. Chu,S. Dittmer,K. McDermott,N. Mirman,A. Rinkevicius,A. Ryd,E. Salvati,L. Skinnari,L. Soffi,Z. Tao,J. Thom,J. Tucker,M. Zientek,B. Akgun,K. M. Ecklund,M. Kilpatrick,T. Nussbaum,J. Zabel,B. Betchart, R. Demina,O. Hindrichs,G. Petrillo, R. Eusebi,I. Osipenkov,A. Perloff,K. A. Ulmer,A. G. Delannoy,P. D'Angelo,W. Johns

Journal of instrumentation(2017)

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摘要
The upgrade of the LHC to the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) is expected to increase the LHC design luminosity by an order of magnitude. This will require silicon tracking detectors with a significantly higher radiation hardness. The CMS Tracker Collaboration has conducted an irradiation and measurement campaign to identify suitable silicon sensor materials and strip designs for the future outer tracker at the CMS experiment. Based on these results, the collaboration has chosen to use n-in-p type silicon sensors and focus further investigations on the optimization of that sensor type.This paper describes the main measurement results and conclusions that motivated this decision.
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关键词
Particle tracking detectors (Solid-state detectors),Radiation-hard detectors,Detector modelling and simulations II (electric fields, charge transport, multiplication and induction, pulse formation, electron emission etc)
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