A Turbulence Model for Flight Simulation and Handling Qualities Analysis Based on a Synthetic Eddy Method

A turbulence model based on a synthetic eddy method (SEM) has been adapted for flight simulation purposes and coupled with a FLIGHTLAB helicopter simulation model. The SEM is based on the generation of a random distribution of turbulence-generating eddies within a control volume surrounding the simulated aircraft. Eddies are displaced by the flow and regenerated at the inflow as they leave the simulation domain. The model allows adjustment of turbulence intensity and frequency spectra, allowing for a more realistic representation of broadband turbulence. Compared to other random turbulence models, preserving the location of the eddies in the control volume automatically ensures that turbulence across different aircraft locations is automatically correlated. Off-line and piloted flight simulation assessments have been conducted to test the viability of the SEM concept in flight simulation. Results show that the turbulence model generates upsets in all aircraft axes resulting in higher workload requirements for the pilot.