Immobilization of enzymes on nanomaterials

The merging of nanotechnology and biocatalyst design has opened new opportunities in biocatalysis. Now, it is possible to use the advantages of enzyme immobilization (e.g., enzyme stabilization) even when the substrates are very large or even solids. However, enzyme immobilization in nonporous nanomaterials may pose some drawbacks, which should be considered before deciding to use this kind of materials to immobilize a specific enzyme for a specific process. This chapter tries to point the advantages and problems that the enzyme immobilization in nonporous nanomaterials can generate, together to some considerations usually ignored in literature.