Stringent Tests of Lorentz Invariance Violation from LHAASO Observations of GRB 221009A Zhen Cao , F Aharonian , Axikegu , Y X Bai , Y W Bao , D Bastieri , X J Bi , Y J Bi , W Bian , A V Bukevich , Q Cao , W Y Cao , Zhe Cao , J Chang , J F Chang , A M Chen , E S Chen , H X Chen , Liang Chen , Lin Chen , Long Chen , M J Chen , M L Chen , Q H Chen , S Chen , S H Chen , S Z Chen , T L Chen , Y Chen , N Cheng , Y D Cheng , M Y Cui , S W Cui , X H Cui , Y D Cui , B Z Dai , H L Dai , Z G Dai , Danzengluobu , X Q Dong , K , J H Fan , Y Z Fan , J Fang , J H Fang , K Fang , C F Feng , H Feng , L Feng , S H Feng , X T Feng , Y Feng , Y L Feng , S Gabici , B Gao , C D Gao , Q Gao , W Gao , W K Gao , M , L S Geng , G Giacinti , G H Gong , Q B Gou , M H Gu , F L Guo , X L Guo , Y Q Guo , Y , Y A Han , M Hasan , H , H N He , J Y He , Y He , Y K Hor , B W Hou , C Hou , X Hou , H B Hu , Q Hu , S C Hu , D H Huang , T Q Huang , W J Huang , X T Huang , X Y Huang , Y Huang , X L Ji , H Y Jia , K Jia , K Jiang , X W Jiang , Z J Jiang , M Jin , I Karpikov , D Kuleshov , K Kurinov , B , C M Li , Cheng Li , Cong Li , D Li , F Li , H B Li , H C Li , Jian Li , Jie Li , K Li , S D Li , W L Li , X R Li , Xin Li , Y Z Li , Zhe Li , Zhuo Li , E W Liang , Y F Liang , S J Lin , B Liu , C Liu , D Liu , D B Liu , H Liu , H D Liu , J Liu , J L Liu , M Y Liu , R Y Liu , S M Liu , W Liu , Y Liu , Y N Liu , Q Luo , Y Luo , H K Lv , B Q Ma , L , X H Ma , J R Mao , Z Min , W Mitthumsiri , H J Mu , Y C Nan , A Neronov , L J Ou , P Pattarakijwanich , Z Y Pei , J C Qi , M Y Qi , B Q Qiao , J , A Raza , D Ruffolo , A Sáiz , M Saeed , D Semikoz , L Shao , O Shchegolev , X D Sheng , F W Shu , H C Song , Yu V Stenkin , V Stepanov , Y Su , D X Sun , Q N Sun , X N Sun , Z B Sun , J Takata , P H T Tam , Q W Tang , R Tang , Z B Tang , W , C Wang , C B Wang , G W Wang , H G Wang , J C Wang , Kai Wang , L P Wang , L Y Wang , P H Wang , R Wang , W Wang , X G Wang , X Y Wang , Y Wang , Y D Wang , Y J Wang , Z H Wang , Z X Wang , Zhen Wang , Zheng Wang , D M Wei , Y J Wei , T Wen , C Y Wu , H R Wu , Q W Wu , S Wu , X F Wu , Y S Wu , S Q Xi , J Xia , G M Xiang , D X Xiao , G Xiao , Y L Xin , Y Xing , D R Xiong , Z Xiong , D L Xu , R F Xu , R X Xu , W L Xu , L Xue , D H Yan , J Z Yan , T Yan , C W Yang , C Y Yang , F Yang , F , M J Yang , R Z Yang , W X Yang , Y H Yao , Z G Yao , L Q Yin , N Yin , X H You , Z Y You , Y H Yu , Q Yuan , H Yue , H D Zeng , T X Zeng , W Zeng , M Zha , F Zhang , H Zhang , H M Zhang , H Y Zhang , J L Zhang , Li Zhang , P F Zhang , P , R Zhang , S B Zhang , S R Zhang , S , X Zhang , X P Zhang , Y F Zhang , Yi Zhang , Yong Zhang , B Zhao , J Zhao , L Zhao , L Z Zhao , S P Zhao , X H Zhao , F Zheng , W J Zhong , B Zhou , H Zhou , J N Zhou , M Zhou , P Zhou , R Zhou , X , B Y Zhu , C G Zhu , F R Zhu , H Zhu , K J Zhu , Y C Zou , X Zuo , LHAASO Collaboration arXiv (Cornell University)（2024）
摘要
On 9 October 2022, the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) reported the observation of the very early TeV afterglow of the brightest-of-all-time gamma-ray burst 221009A, recording the highest photon statistics in the TeV band ever obtained from a gamma-ray burst. We use this unique observation to place stringent constraints on the energy dependence of the speed of light in vacuum, a manifestation of Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) predicted by some quantum gravity (QG) theories. Our results show that the 95% confidence level lower limits on the QG energy scales are E_{QG,1}>10 times the Planck energy E_{Pl} for the linear LIV effect, and E_{QG,2}>6×10^{-8}E_{Pl} for the quadratic LIV effect. Our limits on the quadratic LIV case improve previous best bounds by factors of 5-7.
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