A Quasi-Spherical Optical Module QSM-6M Based on the Hamamatsu R877 PMT for the Detection of Cherenkov Radiation in Water

In this paper, we describe the quasi-spherical optical module QSM-6M to detect Cherenkov radiation in water. The module is based on six photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) with flat photocathodes Hamamatsu R877. We discuss the results of the photomultiplier testing, as well as the choice of the high-voltage divider providing the PMT dynamic range from 1 to 105 photoelectrons. The techniques for studying QSM-6M characteristics, as well as the results of the underwater testing of the module for an 18-month period are presented. We also present the results of the analysis of the QSM-6M response to single-muon and multiparticle events detected by the installations of the Experimental Complex NEVOD.