Numerical investigation on the influence of the complete tsunami-like wave on the tandem pipeline

Solitary waves are usually used as extreme waves, but their hydrodynamic characteristics differ from those of real -world tsunami waves. N -shaped waves may be used to give a more realistic approximate outline of the tsunami wave. According to this theory and the record of the 2011 Tohoku tsunami wave, the theoretical formulas for the complete tsunami wave based on the superposition of twelve sech2(*) waves are proposed in this study. Moreover, this tsunami wave, which is called the complete tsunami -like wave (CTW), is numerically simulated. The effects of the complete tsunami -like wave are different from those of the solitary wave in the scope of time and space. Since submarine pipelines are easily damaged when exposed to the marine environment, the hydrodynamic characteristics of the complete tsunami -like and solitary waves impacting the tandem pipeline are analyzed and compared. In addition, the interactions between the complete tsunami -like waves with different wave heights and the tandem pipelines with different diameters, distances and locations are investigated. The results show that the effects of the wake wave part of the tsunami wave on the pipeline are still too serious to be ignored. With the increase in the wave height, the loads on the pipeline under the CTW increase. When the pipeline structure changes, the hydrodynamic characteristics and loads are also different. It is anticipated that these findings can help improve the understanding of tsunami waves in the real world.